March 20, 2025

Part Three | The Executions Commence: Larry Roy

Part Three | The Executions Commence: Larry Roy

This episode examines Larry Roy, the Cheneyville Slasher, and the 1993 attack on the Richard family.

Timestamps
04:00 The Horrific Crime Unfolds
08:25 The Investigation Begins
13:15 The Manhunt for Larry Roy
16:44 Trial and Defense Tactics
18:34 The...

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This episode examines Larry Roy, the Cheneyville Slasher, and the 1993 attack on the Richard family.

Timestamps
04:00 The Horrific Crime Unfolds
08:25 The Investigation Begins
13:15 The Manhunt for Larry Roy
16:44 Trial and Defense Tactics
18:34 The Death Sentence
19:30 The Death Warrant Issued
23:55 Delays and Controversies
25:20 Nitrogen Hypoxia

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WEBVTT

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M I Wall Street line.

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Shackle change, Oh gesome girdie, it's calling my name. There

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is no mercy and it's been a tentery juice as

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the huge stream game Wrangle three.

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I'm here be by mere to die inside these walls,

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inside the wild and when the girls.

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I Hey everyone, and welcome back to Bloody Angola, a

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podcast one forty two years in the making, the complete

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story of America's bloodiest person. I'm Jim Chapman, and we

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are back with this third installment in the Executions Commenced series,

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and this one is all about the death warrant signed

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for Larry Roy, known as the Cheneyville Slasher. So, as

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I've been doing with prior episodes in this series, I'm

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going to bring you into the crime, the conviction, all

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the way up to present day, and with this one,

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we're going to start in Cheneyville, Louisiana, and y'all, Cheneyville

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is in what is known as Rapids Parish, located kind

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of in the center of the state of Louisiana. And

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Cheneyville is an extremely small town, less than five hundred residents,

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the type of place where everybody knows everybody right and

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when the crime I'm about to tell you about occurred.

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It shocked the entire community. It just did not happen

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in Cheneyville. And we're going to go back to the

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early morning hours of May Sewi of nineteen ninety three,

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and a call comes in to a nine to one

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one call center. This is at one thirty am. The

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caller stated that her neighbor, thirty one year old Sally

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Ann Reeshard, had stumbled over to her house bleeding from

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a gash in her throat, with her hands bound behind

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her back, and that the woman needed medical assistance right away.

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So the police chief, a guy by the name of

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Archie Blue, he was on patrol, and yep, in a

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town this size, the chief of police was patrolling just

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like everyone else. They didn't exactly have a large police department.

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So the chief takes the call and he heads towards

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the address, and what he saw when he pulled up

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to that home was shocking. When Chief Blue pulled up

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to the house, his lights caught an eight year old

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named Frederick Reeschard outside lying in his own blood near

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a lightpole in the front yard, and he was near

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death and unable to speak. Blue recalled saying to himself quote,

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oh my god, that boy is cut to death. Unquote.

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He could see that the boy was extremely weak. He

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also noticed the family dog who was tied up near

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where little Frederick's body lay in that front yard, and

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the dog appeared unalarmed. So although this eight year old

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was in dire straits, he was still alive and Chief

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Blue he turns around to rush back to his patrol car.

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He was going to make a plea for the ambulances

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to kind of double time it to the scene, and

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as he did, he hears ten year old David Reshard

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fall down near what turned out to be his mother's vehicle,

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which was also parked in the front yard. Now David,

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much like his brother, was also too weak to speak,

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but after a second officer who had arrived on the scene,

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unbound his hands, the boy was able to hold up

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two fingers and motion them towards the house, which indicated

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to these officers that two more people were inside that home.

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So quickly, at this point, you already have thirty one

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year old Sally Reshord Throat slashed clinging to life, eight

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year old Frederick Throat slashed clinging to life, and ten

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year old David also slashed clinging to life. So the

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officers they approached the home very cautiously, they didn't know

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if this monster was still inside. Once inside the home,

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they see what can only be described as an absolutely

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horrific site. Sitting on the edge of the bed in

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a bedroom was thirty three year old Freddie Reeshard Junior,

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who was the two boys father in the ex husband

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of Sally m Reshoard. His upper body was slumped forward

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between his legs and he had been stabbed seven times,

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at least that the officers could clearly see. One stab

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womb was wide across his throat from ear to ear.

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As they canvassed the house, they came across another bedroom

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and found Sally in reshards On seventy five year old

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Rosetta Silas deceased. She was lying face down in her

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bed in her night clothes, with her throat slept from

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ear to ear. So police at this point they have

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two dead inside the house and three seriously injured outside

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of the house, with two of them being children, and

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they moved quick to get all of these victims that

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were still alive to the hospital. Now miss Sallyenne she

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was able to tell police who was responsible for this

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and what happened, and the responsible party was none other

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than Larry Roy. Now let me tell you a little

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bit about Larry Roy and his relationship to this family.

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Larry was the ex boyfriend of Sally m. Reshard. Sally

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started dating Larry after her and her husband, Freddie Reeschard Junior,

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had divorced, and Larry moved in with Sally and her

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kids and her aunt in the family home in Cheneyville.

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But they had a rocky relationship and that eventually led

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to them breaking things off. And this was in January

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of nineteen ninety three. Now, at that point, Sally and

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her ex husband they kind of started rekindling their relationship.

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They started a reconciliation and Freddie Reshard Junior moved back

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in to that family home. Well, Larry did not like

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that at all. He starts threatening Sally Anne with guns

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to the point that she even filed a complaint with police.

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And over the next few months prior to this incident,

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his harassment would worsen. Shortly before the attacks of May third,

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nineteen ninety three, Sally awoke to go to work one

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morning and her tires were slashed. She files yet another

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complaint with police, but there was just no evidence to

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link Larry Roy to that tire slashing. So it was

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on May second of nineteen ninety three that, by chance,

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while at a local convenience store, the entire family encounters

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Larry Roy, and it was at that point that he

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walks by Sally Ann and says, quote, things are going

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to go down tonight. Later that evening, the ree shards

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they retire, and as they always did, they slept in

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the same room, Mom and Dad in the bed and

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the two young boys in sleeping bags on the floor

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of that bedroom. On Monday, May third, at approximately one

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thirty am, Larry Roy barges into the bedroom and he

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awakes the family out of a dead sleep. Larry Roy

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jumps on top of Freddy Rieshard Junior in a fight ensues.

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During this time, Sally in she grabs the bedside telephone

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to call nine to one one. However, as she picks

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up the phone, Roy informs her that he cut the

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phone wires and this yaw was well before cell phones.

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It's also at this time that Sally Anne realizes that

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Freddy Reshard Junior has been stabbed to death as he's

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perched on the front of the bed. Miss Reeshard jumps

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up and attempts to flee with the children, but Roy

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stops her, and he's still armed with that knife, and

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he forces the two children to lay down on the

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floor in the hallway. Then at knife point, he forces

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sally Anne to go into her aunt's bedroom. They awaken

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seventy five year old Miss Silas and he demands money.

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Miss Silas gives him fifty dollars that she kept hidden

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under her mattress. And typically elderly people, especially back then,

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they would hide cash in their house and usually it's

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under that mattress. Right, Roy counts the money and he

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starts questioning Miss Silas as to if any more money

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was hidden anywhere else in the house, to which Miss

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Silas tells him no. Next, Larry Roy brings Sally Anne

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into the kitchen of that home and he starts asking

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her why she reported to police that he slashed her tires.

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He then brings her into the living room where he

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places her face down on the floor beside the sofa,

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and using a telephone cord that he brought with him,

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he ties her hands behind her back. He pulls her

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head back and slits her throat, telling her in her

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ear while he's doing that quote. By the time the

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police get here, y'all are all going to be dead.

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Larry Roy then goes into the hallway and he ties

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eight year old Frederick's hands behind his back and he

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slits his throat. He then takes a pillow case and

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he places it over ten year old David's head, ties

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David's hands behind his back, pulls David's head back, and

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slits his throat. Then he heads again into seventy five

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year old Miss Silas's bedroom. Now during the time that

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he's going in that bedroom, both Sally Anne and her

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two sons struggled, but made their way outside the home,

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hands still tied behind their backs. Sally Amne would later

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say that as she got out of the front door,

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she could hear seventy five year old Miss Rosetta Silas

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screaming after Roy began stabbing her to death. So, after

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learning this information, police had a problem. They had no

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idea where Larry Roy was. By the time they arrived

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on the scene, he was nowhere to be found. And

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when all of this hit the paper that Tuesday May,

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Larry Roy was already dubbed the Cheneyville slasher and police

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started a massive manhunt for this guy, who was wanted

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for the murder of two in the attempted murder of three,

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including two children. They knew Larry Roy had a lot

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of family and was very familiar with a Boyle's Parish,

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which was a neighboring parish to Rapids, and they focused

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the search there. Now, A Boyle's Parish created somewhat of

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a challenge for police boils at that time was very rural,

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very wooded part of Louisiana, and there are a lot

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of places in which to hide. But luck would strike

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when a relative of Larry Roy's who lived in a

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wooded area near a highway in the parish, reported Roy

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was hanging out around her home. Police started searching the

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area until about lunchtime on May fourth, realizing that Roy

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likely was only going to be moving at night and

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was probably hidden out of sight, so at sundown police

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began that extensive search again, and they incorporated the use

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of bloodhounds helicopters. Several agencies took place in this search,

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knowing the sheer horror of the crime that Larry Roy committed. Now,

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this was before drones, unfortunately, so no drones were out

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Roy was described in local papers as wearing a white

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jumpsuit with black tennis shoes. For people to be on

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the lookout for this obviously dangerous individual, and it was

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two days later, on the fifth of May twenty twenty three,

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that Larry Roy was caught. He was spotted by a

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sheriff's deputy in a small town called Bunkie, Louisiana. So

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when the officer spotted him, Larry Roy actually jumped into

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a parked car at an intersection. The detective a guy

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by the name of Byron Juno. He was a four

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year veteran of Thevoyl's Parish Sheriff's office and he was

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working overtime that night like everybody else, hunting for Larry Roy.

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When at twelve thirty am he was patrolling the streets

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of Bunkie looking specifically for a man fitting Roy's description.

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A group of males flags him down and said they

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just saw the Chameyville slasher walk by. Now. As soon

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as they said that, there was Roy running across the

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intersection away from him, Larry Roy pulls on the car

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handle of basically the first car he sees and slides

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into the passenger seat and behind the wheel by sheer coincidence,

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is Larry Roy's cousin. So the officer approaches and Roy

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tries to slump down in the car to hide, but

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it was way too late for that. The officer pulls

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him out and asks his name, to which Larry Roy

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replied Lawrence Smith. But everyone around the scene started telling

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the officer that was bullshit, that that was in fact

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Larry Roy. So the officer turns to the man and says,

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I'm going to ask you one more time, what's your name?

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And Larry Roy is quoted as saying, you got me.

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I'm Larry Roy. Now, at the time that he was caught,

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Roy was unarmed and he did not resist, so he

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is arrested and eventually this case goes to trial. It

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took quite a while to even get to the trial point,

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and Roy in the trial, he attempts to use what's

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done as an intoxication defense. He actually testifies on his

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own behalf and he said that at approximately five o'clock

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PM on May second of nineteen ninety three, he consumed

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several beers and a half pint of gin. He then said,

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at some time during that evening, he purchases one hundred

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and forty dollars worth of crack cocaine, which he smoked

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prior to the attacks. According to his account, he claimed

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that because he was intoxicated and also in a drug state,

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he could not remember his whereabouts or his activities that

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entire evening. Nonetheless, he denied killing or harming anyone. Now,

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of course, that was total bs. In the jury, they

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weren't buying it, and they find Larry Roy guilty of

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two counts of first degree murder in the deaths of

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Miss Silas in the death of Freddy Reeschard Junior, and

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on August thirtieth of nineteen ninety four, Larry Roy is

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sentenced to death by a unanimous jury. And it's at

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this point that, as you already know, the appeals start

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and Roy goes through years and years of appealing this

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with every fiber of his being. Eventually he exhausts all

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of those appeals, and because of the Death Rose situation

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in Louisiana, in the fact that it went on a

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hiatus for like fifteen years, just all these things I've

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told you about in other episodes, he would sit on

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death row for the next thirty one years before getting

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an official signed death warrant in February of this year. Now,

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in the meantime he even sought pardons, and in November

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of twenty twenty three, two of the surviving members of

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this terrible event, they even testified at a Board of

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Pardon hearing against Larry Roy getting off death row, and

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he was denied clemency in that hearing. So, as I mentioned,

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on February tenth of twenty twenty five, the Rapides Parish

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District attorney, guy by the name of Philip Tarrell, he

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obtained that death warrant for Larry Roy. And I have

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a copy of that and I'll just read it to

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you quickly, and it's dated February tenth, twenty twenty five,

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and the cover letter says today Governor Jeff Landry announced

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that the Louisiana Department of Corrections has implicated a protocol

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for carrying out sentences for defendants on death row. The

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promises made by jurys and the justice system to the

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victims of the most heinous of crimes has been withheld

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for too long. Consequently, my office has prepared and filed

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a death warrant in the matter of the State of

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Louisiana versus Larry Roy and its signed Philip Terrell, District Attorney,

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and it goes on to say motion to cause the

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issuance of execution. Warrant says now into the court through

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the undersigned Assistant District Attorney comes to State of Louisiana,

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moving the court as follows. The defendant was indicted for

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two counts of first degree murder on July second, nineteen

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ninety three. Roy was tried by jury for those crimes

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in nineteen ninety four, and the jury returned a verdict

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of guiltiest charge on both counts on July nineteenth of

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nineteen ninety four, and returned to death sentence on July

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twenty first of nineteen ninety one. This court accepted the

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00:21:01.759 --> 00:21:06.000
recommendation and imposed the sentence. On August thirtieth of nineteen

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ninety four. The defendant filed an appeal with the Louisiana

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Supreme Court. The state responded and the convictions and sentences

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were affirmed. The defendant filed an application for a rehearing,

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which was denied on November fifteenth of nineteen ninety six.

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The rulings of the Louisiana Supreme Court were reviewed by

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the United States Supreme Court, and the US Supreme Court

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declined to review the rulings, effectively affirming the decisions based

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on the Louisiana Supreme Court. On August seventeenth, nineteen ninety seven,

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a death warrant issued with an execution day. October twenty second,

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nineteen ninety seven. That death warrant was recalled and reissued

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00:21:48.319 --> 00:21:52.720
on September sixteenth of nineteen ninety seven. All post conviction

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00:21:52.880 --> 00:21:55.880
pleadings have been resolved in favor of the state. The

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defendant made an application for clemency to the Louisiana Bord

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of Pardon, which was denied on November eighth of twenty

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twenty three. At present time, no warrant of execution has

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00:22:07.200 --> 00:22:11.200
been signed setting the date of the defendant's execution. There

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are no other outstanding applications for relief or stays of

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00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:18.920
execution in this matter. So that was the motion. And

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then you have what's known as a warrant of execution.

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And if you never heard how these read, it just

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says it is hereby ordered that, in accordance with provisions

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00:22:28.319 --> 00:22:31.519
and at lists those in the manner provided by law,

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said condemned person to be put to death on nineteenth

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day of March twenty twenty five, between six pm and

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nine pm. It is further ordered that the Clerk of

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Court shall forward to the Secretary of the Department of

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Public Safety and Corrections of the State of Louisiana a

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00:22:47.839 --> 00:22:51.680
certified copy of the indictment, verdict sentence, as well as

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the decision of the Louisiana Supreme Court affirming the sentence

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of death for Larry Roy. It is further ordered that

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upon receipt of this warrant of execution, the Secretary of

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Public Safety and Corrections of the State of Louisiana shall

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provide a copy of the warrant and deliver it to

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the condemned person, Larry Roy. It is further ordered that

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a certified copy of this warrant of execution shall be

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transmitted by the Clerk of this Court to the Honorable

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00:23:21.160 --> 00:23:23.920
Jeff Landry, Governor of the State of Louisiana, and the

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former manner directed by Alyssa's Statute, Philip Arrell, ninth Judicial

307
00:23:30.000 --> 00:23:35.519
District Attorney, and to Blithe Talping, Council of Record for

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00:23:36.359 --> 00:23:40.920
Larry Roy. So that is the official warrant of execution.

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So that's right on March nineteenth, of twenty twenty five.

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Larry Roy is going to be executed. But wait, not

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00:23:51.240 --> 00:23:56.200
so fast. March nineteenth has already passed, and I'm not

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00:23:56.279 --> 00:24:02.359
told you anything about the actual execution. Why because it

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00:24:02.400 --> 00:24:08.440
didn't happen. On March eleventh, a Judicial Court district judge

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00:24:08.480 --> 00:24:14.319
by the name of Chris Hazel pushed back Larry Roy's execution,

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00:24:14.519 --> 00:24:17.880
denying the motion until a hearing can take place. And

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this is scheduled for April fourteenth of twenty twenty five

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in the ninth JBC. And this comes on the heels

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of Jesse Hoffman's execution being blocked by US Chief District

319
00:24:31.759 --> 00:24:35.480
Judge Shelley Dick. And I brought you his case in

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00:24:35.599 --> 00:24:38.839
part one of this series. That judge found the method

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00:24:38.880 --> 00:24:44.559
of execution to be inhumane. But you know what's inhumane

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00:24:45.039 --> 00:24:48.440
to me? And I get it if you don't like it,

323
00:24:48.839 --> 00:24:51.599
but it's how I personally feel. And that's the fact

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that the victims of these crimes that get these guys

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00:24:55.000 --> 00:24:59.920
sentenced to the ultimate penalty are always the last peep

326
00:25:00.440 --> 00:25:04.119
to be considered. You're sentenced to death by jury of

327
00:25:04.160 --> 00:25:10.119
your peers, unanimously, and yet judges seem to consistently block

328
00:25:10.640 --> 00:25:15.119
the will of the people, and this, in my opinion,

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00:25:15.319 --> 00:25:19.680
has to stop. And guess what, we just got an

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00:25:19.839 --> 00:25:25.400
update on Jesse Hoffman. Now, look, as soon as I

331
00:25:25.480 --> 00:25:29.200
recorded this series, of course, I record these. A couple

332
00:25:29.240 --> 00:25:34.599
of days early, I get a text from WAFB dot

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00:25:34.640 --> 00:25:41.039
com and it appears that Jesse Hoffman's execution is now

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on as scheduled. I'm gonna read you this quick article.

335
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Dis or.

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00:25:45.920 --> 00:25:52.559
Judge dissolves restraining order tied to Hoffman's execution. At this point,

337
00:25:52.680 --> 00:25:56.640
the execution is back on schedule unless another court, including

338
00:25:56.680 --> 00:26:02.079
the US Supreme Court, decides to intervene. Teteenth JDC Judge

339
00:26:02.200 --> 00:26:06.960
Richard Chipmore issued the restraining order Monday until he could

340
00:26:07.000 --> 00:26:11.319
preside over the hearing Tuesday morning. Regarding whether the method

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00:26:11.359 --> 00:26:15.839
of execution being planned violates Hoffman's religious freedoms under the

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00:26:15.880 --> 00:26:20.400
Preservation of Religious Freedom Act, Moore cited with the Louisiana

343
00:26:20.440 --> 00:26:24.000
Department of Corrections. The state says it will execute Hoffman

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00:26:24.160 --> 00:26:28.920
using nitrogen hypoxia, which is the deprivation of oxygen through

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00:26:28.960 --> 00:26:33.799
the inhalation of nitrogen. Hoffman claims that nitrogen hypoxia would

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00:26:33.799 --> 00:26:37.400
interfere with his religious right for him to do meditative

347
00:26:37.440 --> 00:26:41.160
breathing as he is being put to death. Hoffman was

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00:26:41.200 --> 00:26:44.599
sentenced to death by lethal injection in nineteen ninety eight

349
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for the murder of Mary Molly Elliott in Saint Tammany

350
00:26:48.119 --> 00:26:52.079
Parish that happened in nineteen ninety six, and of course

351
00:26:52.160 --> 00:26:57.039
that was the first episode in this series. Hoffman kidnapped

352
00:26:57.079 --> 00:26:59.759
Elliott as she was leaving her New Orleans home to

353
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give to meet her husband for dinner. She was then

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00:27:02.039 --> 00:27:05.640
raped and killed. The planned execution of Hoffman would be

355
00:27:05.720 --> 00:27:09.200
Louisiana's first in fifteen years in the state's first time

356
00:27:09.240 --> 00:27:13.640
to carry out an execution using nitrogen. So as of now,

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00:27:13.759 --> 00:27:18.000
apparently it's back on. Of course, the last seventy two

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00:27:18.079 --> 00:27:22.119
hours of this stuff, things change left and right, so

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00:27:22.160 --> 00:27:26.319
I'll keep you posted. But because my Patreon members get

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00:27:26.319 --> 00:27:29.000
these episodes early, I won't be able to edit this

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00:27:29.160 --> 00:27:32.119
anymore than it has been done now, so I'll give

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00:27:32.160 --> 00:27:36.240
you an update next week on what occurred with that execution,

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00:27:36.480 --> 00:27:41.279
and now I guess back to our scheduled programming. Now.

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Since I started this series, many people have messaged me

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00:27:45.279 --> 00:27:48.640
and they've wanted me to provide more details on the

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00:27:48.680 --> 00:27:53.799
method of execution, specifically nitrogen hypoxia, which I can tell

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00:27:53.839 --> 00:27:57.440
you one hundred percent the death row inmates here are

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00:27:57.480 --> 00:28:03.440
scared shitless about and I ain't mad about that. I'm

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00:28:03.440 --> 00:28:07.200
glad they're a little bit scared. Honestly. When I was

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00:28:07.319 --> 00:28:11.759
researching this method, I came across a very well written

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00:28:11.920 --> 00:28:16.000
article from CBS News that explains it. And I'm gonna

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00:28:16.039 --> 00:28:18.880
read that article for you now because it really gives

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00:28:18.920 --> 00:28:23.160
you what I feel is the best account of explaining

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00:28:23.960 --> 00:28:28.279
this method. And the headline reads, what is nitrogen hypoxia?

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00:28:28.680 --> 00:28:34.759
Alabama's Kenneth Smith execution proceeds with unprecedented controversial method. A

376
00:28:34.839 --> 00:28:39.000
death row inmate in Alabama, Kenneth Eugene Smith, was executed

377
00:28:39.079 --> 00:28:42.359
Thursday night by nitrogen hypoxia, and this was written a

378
00:28:42.400 --> 00:28:46.279
couple of months ago, a controversial and untested method that

379
00:28:46.359 --> 00:28:50.279
has prompted legal pushback and public scrutiny from critics within

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00:28:50.359 --> 00:28:54.359
the United States and abroad. Smith became the first inmate

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00:28:54.480 --> 00:28:57.400
to die this way. He was convicted in the nineteen

382
00:28:57.559 --> 00:29:00.400
eighty eight killing of a pastor's wife as part of

383
00:29:00.440 --> 00:29:04.119
a murder for higher scheme, and has been imprisoned for decades.

384
00:29:04.200 --> 00:29:08.759
In Alabama. He already survived a botched lethal injection in

385
00:29:08.839 --> 00:29:12.640
November of twenty twenty two, one of four in Alabama

386
00:29:12.680 --> 00:29:15.960
since twenty eighteen, which was the same year the state

387
00:29:16.119 --> 00:29:20.400
authorized the use of nitrogen hypoxia in the death chamber.

388
00:29:20.599 --> 00:29:24.200
It is among three states, along with Oklahoma and Mississippi,

389
00:29:24.319 --> 00:29:27.599
that technically permit the method as an alternative in the

390
00:29:27.680 --> 00:29:31.440
death chamber, since lethal injections in recent years have been

391
00:29:31.519 --> 00:29:34.599
come harder to get, and of course you can add

392
00:29:34.759 --> 00:29:39.240
Louisiana to that list now. Before Thursday, no execution had

393
00:29:39.319 --> 00:29:42.519
ever been carried out in the United States using this method,

394
00:29:42.559 --> 00:29:47.200
and experts have repeatedly warned that nitrogen toxicity may cause

395
00:29:47.319 --> 00:29:50.480
the condemned person to suffer unnecessarily, while at the same

396
00:29:50.519 --> 00:29:53.519
time threatening the health of others in the room. In

397
00:29:53.559 --> 00:29:57.759
a news briefing following the execution, Alabama Department of Corressionist

398
00:29:57.759 --> 00:30:01.519
Commissioner John Hamm said the the execution began at seven

399
00:30:01.599 --> 00:30:04.440
fifty three pm and Smith was pronounced dead at eight

400
00:30:04.519 --> 00:30:08.200
twenty five pm. The nitrogenmask was kept on Smith for

401
00:30:08.240 --> 00:30:12.400
about five minutes after a flat line, ham said. According

402
00:30:12.440 --> 00:30:16.920
to the media report, Smith's last words were tonight Alabama

403
00:30:16.920 --> 00:30:20.880
caused humanity to take a step backward. I'm leaving with love,

404
00:30:21.000 --> 00:30:24.240
peace and light. Thank you for supporting me, Love all

405
00:30:24.279 --> 00:30:26.759
of you. He also made an I Love you sign

406
00:30:26.880 --> 00:30:31.000
with sign language, reporter said. A reporter also stated that

407
00:30:31.039 --> 00:30:33.920
Smith appeared to shake and writhe on the gurney for

408
00:30:33.960 --> 00:30:36.599
at least two minutes at the start of the execution,

409
00:30:36.839 --> 00:30:41.200
asking him whether that was expected or an indication of suffering,

410
00:30:41.480 --> 00:30:44.759
it appeared that one Smith was holding his breath for

411
00:30:44.880 --> 00:30:47.880
as long as he could him, responded, and then there's

412
00:30:47.960 --> 00:30:51.480
also information out there that he struggled against his restraints

413
00:30:51.480 --> 00:30:54.559
a little bit, but there's some involuntary movement in some

414
00:30:54.759 --> 00:30:58.319
angled breathing. So that was all expected and as in

415
00:30:58.440 --> 00:31:02.880
the side effects that we've seen researched with nitrogen hypoxia.

416
00:31:03.720 --> 00:31:07.200
Smith and his spiritual advisor, the Reverend Jeff Hoods, said

417
00:31:07.200 --> 00:31:09.880
in a statement prior to the execution that the eyes

418
00:31:09.920 --> 00:31:13.359
of the world are on this impending moral apocalypse.

419
00:31:13.559 --> 00:31:13.880
Quote.

420
00:31:13.920 --> 00:31:16.559
Our prayer is that people will not turn their head.

421
00:31:16.720 --> 00:31:21.480
We simply cannot normalize the suffocation of each other. They said,

422
00:31:22.200 --> 00:31:26.279
So what is nitrogen hypoxia, Well, that's a process where

423
00:31:26.480 --> 00:31:31.200
pure nitrogen gas or nitrogen gas at concentrations high enough

424
00:31:31.240 --> 00:31:35.480
to be lethal are inhaled to the point of causing asphyxiation.

425
00:31:35.920 --> 00:31:39.559
It is a relatively new alternative to more common forms

426
00:31:39.559 --> 00:31:43.880
of capital punishment like lethal injection and electrocution, which are

427
00:31:43.920 --> 00:31:48.359
two methods used most prevalently across the United States. The

428
00:31:48.440 --> 00:31:54.000
nonprofit organization Death Penalty Information Center noted that lethal gas

429
00:31:54.079 --> 00:31:57.880
is authorized broadly as an execution method in seven states,

430
00:31:57.960 --> 00:32:02.359
including Alabama, Mississippi, Oakland, although those are the only three

431
00:32:02.440 --> 00:32:05.559
that have specified the use of nitrogen for this purpose,

432
00:32:05.640 --> 00:32:09.920
and only Alabama has released a formal execution protocol for

433
00:32:10.240 --> 00:32:14.720
nitrogen hypoxia. The protocol was issued late last August, and

434
00:32:14.799 --> 00:32:18.640
the version made available to the public is heavily redacted.

435
00:32:19.160 --> 00:32:22.480
Breathing nitrogen through a mass could, in theory, cause a

436
00:32:22.519 --> 00:32:27.319
person to lose consciousness before oxygen deprivation leads to death,

437
00:32:27.440 --> 00:32:31.319
and Alabama officials insisted that this is most likely how

438
00:32:31.359 --> 00:32:35.720
the scheduled execution happened. But Smith's legal team, while seeking

439
00:32:35.759 --> 00:32:40.279
an injunction to halt the execution plans that was ultimately rejected,

440
00:32:40.799 --> 00:32:43.640
accuse the state of using him as a test subject

441
00:32:43.720 --> 00:32:47.720
for a lethal experiment. A group of ewing consultants raised

442
00:32:47.759 --> 00:32:51.960
concerns about the execution, saying that nitrogen hypoxia would result

443
00:32:52.000 --> 00:32:56.240
in painful and humiliating deaths. A spokesman said that execution

444
00:32:56.400 --> 00:33:00.200
by nitrogen asphyxiation could amount to the torture or or

445
00:33:00.240 --> 00:33:04.519
other cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment or punishment under international

446
00:33:04.640 --> 00:33:07.920
human rights law? So what do we know about inhaling

447
00:33:08.039 --> 00:33:11.960
nitrogen gas? During the execution, Smith was strapped to a

448
00:33:12.000 --> 00:33:15.680
gurney chamber and forced to breathe nitrogen through the gas mask,

449
00:33:15.920 --> 00:33:19.319
although it had never been used inside the death chamber.

450
00:33:19.720 --> 00:33:24.640
The consequences of too much nitrogen inhalation, usually accidentally in

451
00:33:24.640 --> 00:33:29.519
industrial settings, are well documented. Nitrogen exists organically in the

452
00:33:29.599 --> 00:33:33.279
atmosphere and actually composes around seventy five percent of the

453
00:33:33.359 --> 00:33:36.440
air that humans and animals breathe every day, but the

454
00:33:36.519 --> 00:33:39.920
colorless and utterless gas is only safe to inhale when

455
00:33:39.960 --> 00:33:44.480
it's mixed with the appropriate concentration of oxygen. Otherwise, breathing

456
00:33:44.519 --> 00:33:48.599
it is toxic that narians have refused to use nitrogen

457
00:33:48.640 --> 00:33:53.279
asphyxiation to ethanize animals because of its distressing effects and

458
00:33:53.400 --> 00:33:59.000
potential risk to people around commercially and industrially. Pure nitrogen

459
00:33:59.119 --> 00:34:02.599
is used in products like fertilizer, nylon, and various dyes,

460
00:34:02.640 --> 00:34:07.200
as well as explosives. Because nitrogen displaces oxygen, it's often

461
00:34:07.279 --> 00:34:11.199
used at chemical plants and manufacturing facilities to shield certain

462
00:34:11.239 --> 00:34:15.639
equipment from contaminants including oxygen, which could damage the equipment

463
00:34:15.800 --> 00:34:19.960
or in some cases even pose fire hazards or cause explosions.

464
00:34:20.079 --> 00:34:23.599
Liquid nitrogen is also used in laboratories and in medical

465
00:34:23.639 --> 00:34:27.920
settings for flash freezing in other purposes. The US Chemical

466
00:34:27.960 --> 00:34:31.360
Safety Board issued a series of bulletins in the early

467
00:34:31.440 --> 00:34:35.280
two thousands that review cases of nitrogen asphyxiation over the

468
00:34:35.320 --> 00:34:39.679
previous decade, with the aim of raising awareness and relaying

469
00:34:39.880 --> 00:34:44.639
proper safety protocols to prevent such situations from happening. In

470
00:34:44.760 --> 00:34:49.280
one bulletin, the references information from the Compressed Gas Association.

471
00:34:49.880 --> 00:34:53.119
The Board notes that when enough nitrogen is introduced to

472
00:34:53.159 --> 00:34:56.000
deplete oxygen in the air to less than ten percent,

473
00:34:56.480 --> 00:34:59.679
effects on the human body can be lethal, potentially causing

474
00:34:59.719 --> 00:35:03.800
in ality to move, loss of consciousness, convulsions, and death.

475
00:35:04.199 --> 00:35:09.079
Even partial oxygen displacement can have serious consequences. Research has

476
00:35:09.159 --> 00:35:11.800
shown that when oxygen levels in the air down to

477
00:35:11.880 --> 00:35:16.360
around twelve point five percent. Humans can experience impaired respiration

478
00:35:16.519 --> 00:35:20.760
that may cause permanent heart damage along with nausea, vomiting,

479
00:35:20.840 --> 00:35:24.679
and very poor judgment and coordination. So how does the

480
00:35:24.800 --> 00:35:29.119
actual executions work well. The mass of the state placed

481
00:35:29.199 --> 00:35:34.159
over Smith's face was a NIOSH approved Type C full

482
00:35:34.239 --> 00:35:37.320
face mass supplied air respirator, which is a type of

483
00:35:37.360 --> 00:35:41.199
mass used by industrial workers to get life saving oxygen.

484
00:35:41.440 --> 00:35:44.719
After nitrogen gas is introduced, it will be administered for

485
00:35:44.840 --> 00:35:49.920
fifteen minutes or two five minute intervals following a flatline

486
00:35:50.000 --> 00:35:54.760
indication on an EKG, whichever is longer. Most redactive portions

487
00:35:54.760 --> 00:35:57.480
of the protocol or those involving how the gas system

488
00:35:57.519 --> 00:36:00.679
is stored, tested and set up. Some of the sections

489
00:36:00.800 --> 00:36:04.719
acknowledge the potential risk associated with having nitrogen takes in

490
00:36:04.800 --> 00:36:09.440
the workplace, et cetera. Alabama's protocol does not allow for

491
00:36:09.599 --> 00:36:12.880
a spiritual advisor in the chamber unless they review and

492
00:36:13.000 --> 00:36:17.440
sign a nitrogen hypoxia acknowledgment form ahead of time. That

493
00:36:17.599 --> 00:36:22.159
restriction formed the basis for a lawsuit filed by Reverend Hood,

494
00:36:22.199 --> 00:36:25.639
who is a spiritual advisor to death row inmates in Alabama,

495
00:36:25.760 --> 00:36:30.360
challenging the use of nitrogen hypoxia and executions in Hood

496
00:36:30.440 --> 00:36:34.000
told CBS News that the method prevents him from doing

497
00:36:34.039 --> 00:36:38.159
his job properly because agreeing to support a condemned person

498
00:36:38.239 --> 00:36:41.360
through this type of execution could potentially put his own

499
00:36:41.400 --> 00:36:44.159
health in danger. He also said the rule in and

500
00:36:44.199 --> 00:36:47.239
of itself goes against the Supreme Court decision in March

501
00:36:47.320 --> 00:36:51.199
twenty twenty two that required states to allow spiritual advisors

502
00:36:51.199 --> 00:36:56.960
to be present with condemned inmates in their final moments.

503
00:36:57.239 --> 00:37:01.840
And there you have it, barring some breaking news, I'm

504
00:37:01.880 --> 00:37:04.639
going to be covering a brand new series next week,

505
00:37:04.719 --> 00:37:07.360
and please consider the Patreon if you would like to

506
00:37:07.360 --> 00:37:10.719
support what we do here at Bloody Angola. Commercial free,

507
00:37:10.920 --> 00:37:13.800
early releases and more can be found there. Without it,

508
00:37:14.199 --> 00:37:19.039
we don't exist, so please consider joining, and until next time,

509
00:37:19.360 --> 00:37:24.440
I'm Jim Chapman for Bloody Angola, a podcast one and

510
00:37:24.480 --> 00:37:27.639
forty two years in the making, the complete story of

511
00:37:27.719 --> 00:37:31.360
America's bloodiest present Peace.

512
00:37:47.719 --> 00:37:59.480
A wall Street line, shackle chain, It's calling my name.

513
00:38:01.320 --> 00:38:08.440
There is no mercy and it's been a century. Juice

514
00:38:08.599 --> 00:38:13.320
as the huge stream game Rango the three.

515
00:38:14.920 --> 00:38:23.800
I'm in bed by Me to die inside these walls.

516
00:38:25.079 --> 00:38:29.159
Inside the wild, and when.

517
00:38:29.159 --> 00:38:46.679
The crowds, I'm no, it's solbody angle. Ohbody angle.